Uzbekistan’s foreign trade turnover expanded by $13.9bn y/y, or 20.7% y/y, to $81.2bn in 2025, according to official data.

The trade deficit amounted to $13.54bn, with exports up by 24% y/y to $33.81bn, supported by higher shipments of precious metals, agricultural products and services. Imports grew by 18.5% y/y to $47.35bn.

China remained Uzbekistan’s largest trading partner. It accounted for 21.2% of total trade turnover, with bilateral trade reaching $17.23bn. This represents an increase of $4.56bn y/y, or 36% y/y, compared with the $12.67bn recorded for 2024. 

Russia was the second-largest trade partner to Central Asia’s second-largest economy. Bilateral turnover reached $12.99bn, up from $11.97bn a year earlier. Trade with Kazakhstan, the third largest trade partner to Uzbekistan, totalled $4.97bn, up by $4.46bn y/y.

Other major trading partners included Turkey (3.7% of trade volume) and the Republic of Korea (2.1%).

Uzbekistan conducted foreign trade with 210 countries worldwide in all.

Goods accounted for 71.1% of exports. Industrial goods made up 11.8%, food products and live animals 8.7%, chemical products 6.3% and various finished goods 5.0%.

The main export destinations were Russia (12.8%), China (7.3%), Kazakhstan (4.6%), Afghanistan (4.5%), Turkey (3.4%), France (2.6%), the Kyrgyz Republic (2.3%), the UAE (2.1%), Tajikistan (2.0%) and Pakistan (1.0%). Together, these countries accounted for 40.0% of total exports shipped.

Exports of fruit and vegetable products reached 2.16mn tonnes on a 6.2% y/y increase. In value terms, exports in this category rose 36.9% to $2.12bn, accounting for 6.3% of total exports.

Textile exports declined 8.2% y/y to $2.63bn, representing 7.8% of total exports. Finished textile products accounted for 54.3% of the total, while yarn made up 27.0%.

Services exports totalled $9.76bn, equivalent to an increase of 28.9% y/y and accounting for 28.9% of total exports. The largest components were travel and tourism (50.0%), transport (33.0%), telecommunications, computer and information services (9.4%) and other business services (3.0%).

Gold exports exceeded $9.9bn. They were up 32.3% y/y, despite a complete suspension of shipments in December. The precious metal accounted for more than 29.2% of total exports and 37.8% of merchandise exports.

The largest import categories were machinery and transport equipment (33.8%), industrial goods (15.3%) and chemical products (11.8%).

Imports of goods increased by $6.79bn to $42.08bn, while services imports reached $5.27bn, accounting for 11.1% of total imports on a gain of 12.7% y/y.

The bulk of imports originated from China (31.2%), Russia (18.3%), Kazakhstan (7.2%), Turkey (4.0%), the Republic of Korea (3.5%), Germany (2.7%) and India (2.4%).

Services imports were dominated by travel and tourism (49.0%), followed by transport (23.7%), telecommunications, computer and information services (10.6%) and other business services (6.2%).