But he secures IMF and World Bank development agreements.
Ankara took a slap to the chops as Turkic Central Asian states inked an investment-linked deal on relations with Brussels that pointedly included no recognition of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
Wider region increasingly seen as arena in which major powers’ interests, such as in sourcing critical minerals, collide and converge.
Historically, it is the ultimate crossroads between Europe, the Middle East, South Asia and East Asia – and the central component for most of the Silk Road. Now the Central Asian countries find themselves caught between the Big Four.
Russian energy company keeps gushing red ink.
“We just don’t like you,” one officer reportedly said when asked about the violence used. “Outright fascism,” protest activists.
Uzbekistan reportedly considering purchase of Chinese fighters.
Little near-term pain, but lots of uncertainty about future.
Kazakhstan boasts 19 out of 34 types of critical raw materials seen as essential to EU economy, while the five 'stans' have 40% of the world’s reserves of manganese.
In aspiring for a strategic partnership with the region, Brussels has one eye firmly fixed on deposits of critical minerals.
Ambition to interconnect Central Asian and South Asian power grids held up by incomplete work in Afghanistan.
Many Kyrgyz citizens are vulnerable to growing food insecurity.
Caution evident in build-up to gathering.
Economy boosted by rerouting of supply corridors to Russia. Balance of payments position remains vulnerable.
Parliament ready to lower qualifications for top government posts.
Aral Sea inflow falls short.
Citizenship wielded as instrument of coercion.
Proponents of democracy won’t like the answer.
Member states want EU to fund Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty after US President Donald Trump issued an executive order aimed at dismantling the Agency for Global Media.
A comprehensive Free Trade Agreement between Iran and the Eurasian Economic Union will come into force on May 15, paving the way for stronger economic ties and potentially doubling trade volumes.