Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin called on Global South leaders to leverage their "mega-scale market" and strive for a new equalitarian multipolar world order at the SCO summit in China.
By 2050, more than 1.6bn people, including almost 20% of the African population, will be exposed to severe and extreme droughts, if a pessimistic scenario plays out, according to a report by INFORM Climate Change.
Despite its promise, the project’s success may ultimately rest on market uptake. If industrial demand for hydrogen fails to keep pace with supply - or if pricing frameworks are not supportive - the pipeline could struggle.
Direct knock-on effects from US–China trade war stymie Mongolian economy.
Moscow has even considered asking Kazakhstan to run some of its domestic flight connections.
Imperial attitudes undermine ambitions for expanded influence.
Ulaanbaatar welcomes two Central Asian leaders in June.