Public demonstrations in Mexico over the weekend have renewed focus on security concerns, government accountability and the growing influence of digital platforms in political mobilisation. Although organisers of the November 15 march in Mexico City framed it as a youth-driven action, available attendance estimates and media coverage suggest a more mixed demographic profile, with no clear indication that Generation Z dominated the turnout.

According to El País, the Mexico City march drew about 17,000 people, most of whom were older than 30, despite its branding as a Generation Z mobilisation. The denounced highlighted what it described as a disproportion between the movement’s rhetoric and its demographic reality. President Claudia Sheinbaum stated, in comments, that “very few young people” joined and condemned the vandalism that occurred at the end of the route.

"Mexico is invincible because there is no separation between the government and the people," said Sheinmabum, pointing out that the majority of citizens reject those who wish to incite unrest.

Calling for peaceful demonstrations, she added that "Violence must never be used for change; protest should always be peaceful."

Security concerns dominated the protests. The recent killing of Carlos Manzo, the outspoken mayor of Uruapan, served as a central catalyst. Manzo had publicly demanded more aggressive action against cartel violence. Demonstrators carried white flags, hats associated with his political movement and banners declaring “Todos somos Carlos Manzo”. His death remains under investigation.

Clashes near the National Palace intensified the political stakes. Protesters dismantled sections of the perimeter fencing, prompting police to deploy tear gas. According to AP, approximately 120 people were injured, around 100 of them police officers. The Secretary of Public Security of Mexico City, Pablo Vázquez, confirmed around 20 arrests.

The government has focused heavily on what it characterises as a coordinated digital operation. The New York Times noted that federal officials presented evidence alleging an “inorganic, paid” online campaign costing nearly $5mn. El País detailed a separate official report linking the protest’s amplification to influencers, bots and accounts associated with Atlas Network. Sheinbaum argued, as quoted by multiple outlets, that the public had a right to know who “promoted the mobilisation”.

Opposition figures, including former president Vicente Fox and businessman Ricardo Salinas Pliego, publicly endorsed the demonstrations. Salinas Pliego rejected government accusations of involvement, demanding proof and denouncing official claims as defamatory.

Despite Sheinbaum’s approval ratings remaining above 70%, the protests come amid mounting pressure over her security agenda. Structural issues such as corruption, extortion and cartel fragmentation remain unresolved, while recent violence in Michoacán has intensified public frustration.

A new mobilisation has already been announced for November 20, though organisers have provided few logistical details beyond a broad call for “justice and security”.