Russia's statistics bureau Rosstat classified 4.75% of the GDP data for 2011-2017, or approximately $60bn worth of spending, as secret under a new System of National Accounts (SNS-2008) methodology, RBC business portal reported on September 4.
SNS-2008 accounts for military spending and scientific research (as intellectual property) in the GDP, with both categories undisclosed for 2017 and 2018.
In October 2017 it was estimated that the share of classified spending jumped since Russia's active involvement in the Ukrainian crisis and Syria and was up to 18.6% of spending in 2017 from 17.7% previously.
RBC estimates that in 2016 military purchases and intellectual property amounted to about RUB4.1 trillion ($60.2bn), which corresponds for 4.75% of GDP.
This is above previous military spending estimates for 2017, which increased by RUB184.3bn in 2017 to over RUB3 trillion ($52bn), less than a tenth of what the US spend on defence.